碳纤维复合壳体用基体环氧树脂研究进展

介绍了固体火箭发动机碳纤维缠绕用基体环氧树脂的种类、选择原则及适于碳纤维缠绕用基体树脂的研究进展.     

先进树脂基复合材料在卫星天线系统中的应用

介绍了先进树脂基复合材料在卫星天线系统中的应用现状,总结了工程化应用工作中存在的一些困难,并探讨了先进复合材料设计、制造工艺、空间环境适应性等应重点解决的问题.     

PVC糊树脂对交联PVC泡沫塑料的影响

通过水煮发泡制备交联聚氯乙烯泡沫塑料,讨论了聚氯乙烯(PVC)糊树脂对泡沫制备过程中经制糊、模压和发泡工艺得到的产物的影响,研究了PVC糊树脂对制备的交联PVC泡沫压缩性能的影响.结果表明:制备交联聚氯乙烯泡沫塑料适宜的糊黏度是4～9 Pa·s;PVC糊树脂的K值较大或水萃取液pH值呈碱性可有效防止模压过程中PVC的降解;PVC糊树脂的水萃取液pH值呈碱性可催化发泡反应,有利于得到低密度泡沫且缩短发泡时间;随着其K值增加,制备的泡沫压缩强度增大,但是K值过大时,制备的泡沫泡孔较大,压缩强度反而降低,适宜的K值为70～80.     

基体含量对复合材料结构稳定性的影响

基体含量影响着复合材料结构的性能,针对复合材料结构的稳定性设计,基于复合材料细观力学以及经典层合理论,分析复合材料层合板中的基体含量对于其材料性能,尤其是稳定性的影响.通过计算得出:随着基体含量的增加,材料的性能略有下降,但是由于基体含量增大而导致的单层板厚度增加,使得层合板的稳定性大幅提高.因此,在复合材料结构的稳定性设计中,应该考虑基体含量的影响.     

烧蚀材料用改性酚醛树脂

简介了几种烧蚀材料用改性酚醛树脂的结构，合成，性能及应用，以酚醛树脂改性已成为烧蚀材料基体树脂的发展方向之一。     

Investigation on Thermal and Dimensional Stability of Epoxy Resin In-Situ Modified by Cyanate Ester Resin and Polydimethylsiloxane

The thermal and dimensional stability of epoxy resin (EP) in-situ modified by cyanate ester (CE) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) are investigated by means of experiments and numerical simulation. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) are used to analyze the heat resistance of the modified EP. The dimensional stability is characterized by the volume shrinkage of the series PDMS/CE/EP obtained by the density method. The chemical structure of the PDMS/CE/EP is analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results of TGA and DSC indicate that the thermal stability of PDMS/CE/EP decreases firstly and then increases with the increase in the amount of CE. The addition of PDMS shows a slight effect on the thermal stability. The 40% CE makes the blending system exhibit the lowest initial decomposition temperature, which reduces by 15.5% and 40.8% compared with pure EP and CE, respectively. The FTIR results suggested that the influence of CE on the thermal stability of the modified EP is mainly ascribed to the generation of oxazolidinone ring with low thermal stability and the increase in the triazine ring with high thermal stability. The volume shrinkage measurement results show that the introduction of CE and PDMS are both beneficial to the improvement of the dimensional stability of the blending systems. The in-situ addition of 80% CE shows the lowest volume shrinkage of 6.11%. The thermal stress distribution of PDMS/CE/EP generated during the solidification process is simulated by the finite element analysis. The results suggested that the introduction of 80% CE into EP results in the lowest thermal stress in the blending system, which indicates that the system has the lowest volume shrinkage, which agrees well with the experimental results.     

双马来酰亚胺改性酚醛型环氧树脂性能研究

采用双马来酰亚胺(BMI)改性酚醛型环氧树脂(F-51)/芳香胺(DAMI)固化体系。采用DSC,TGA和TMA等仪器考察BMI含量对改性体系的固化行为、力学性能及热稳定性的影响,并用扫描电镜(SEM)研究材料断面的形态结构。结果表明,随着体系中BMI比例的增加,体系固化放热峰向高温区移动,总反应热减小,BMI的加入可以提高材料的力学性能和热稳定性,改性后材料断裂面的形态呈现韧性断裂特征。     

丁腈橡胶/酚醛树脂/受阻酚AO80三元阻尼橡胶的结构与性能

在丁腈橡胶(NBR)中添加酚醛(PR)和受阻酚AO80,制备NBR/PR/AO80三元共混橡胶.采用DSC,FTIR和扫描电子显微SEM镜等方法表征了NBR/ PR/ AO80三元共混橡胶的结构,研究了其阻尼性能和力学性能.结果表明,AO80与丁腈橡胶和酚醛树脂有较好的相容性,动态力学性能温度谱中损耗角正切tanδ呈现单峰特征,并且随AO80含量增加,三元共混橡胶的阻尼峰值提高;硫化胶的拉伸强度呈现先增加后降低趋势.与NBR/PR硫化橡胶相比,添加AO80的三元共混橡胶保持了几乎相同的阻尼温域,但却具有更高的阻尼峰值.     

改性双马来酰亚胺树脂在RFI工艺中的应用

通过在改性双马来酰亚胺5405树脂中加入耐高温热塑性塑料聚芳醚砜(PES),获得了满足RFI工艺要求、具有良好成膜性的5405A树脂膜.该树脂膜在室温不粘手,能够任意弯曲.在熔渗温度(130℃)下,低黏度(≤500mPa·s)的保持时间长达70min.在宦温存放3个月后,不溶物含量由1.25%变化为2.02%,DSC曲线表明反应的峰始温度和峰顶温度与放置前无明显差异,130℃凝胶时间由137min变化为135min.参照5405树脂的固化工艺,制备了5405A树脂浇铸体和单向碳纤维帘子布(G0827)增强5405A复合材料,并对性能进行了评价.对比5405和5405A树脂树脂浇铸体的性能表明,5405A力学性能稍有降低,但韧性得到了明显提高.     

用于共注射RTM工艺的环氧树脂和酚醛树脂的工艺特性

研究了用于共注射RTM工艺制备承载/隔热/防热一体化复合材料的酚醛树脂和环氧树脂的工艺特性.以苯并噁嗪为防热层的酚醛树脂基体,研究得到了满足共注射工艺条件的环氧树脂体系并确定了共注射的工艺窗口.研究结果表明,以E-44为基体树脂、以GA327改性芳胺为固化剂所构成的环氧树脂体系可作为承载层的基体树脂和苯并噁嗪树脂进行共注射,其共注射的工艺窗口温度为85～90 ℃,在此温度范围内,环氧树脂体系和低粘度保持时间大于20 min,满足了共注射RTM成型一体化复合材料的基本工艺要求.